Original research

Heartburn or angina? Differentiating gastrointestinal disease in primary care patients presenting with chest pain: a cross sectional diagnostic study

Stefan Bösner¹ , Jörg Haasenritter¹ , Annette Becker¹ , Maren A Hani¹ , Heidi Keller¹ , Andreas C Sönnichsen² , Konstantinos Karatolios³ , Juergen R Schaefer³ , Erika Baum¹ and Norbert Donner-Banzhoff¹

¹  Department of General Practice/Family Medicine, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany

²  Department of Family Medicine, Paracelsus University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria

³  Department of Cardiology, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany

author email corresponding author email

International Archives of Medicine 2009, 2:40doi:10.1186/1755-7682-2-40

Published:	12 December 2009

Abstract

Background

Gastrointestinal (GI) disease is one of the leading aetiologies of chest pain in a primary care setting. The aims of the study are to describe clinical characteristics of GI disease causing chest pain and to provide criteria for clinical diagnosis.

Methods

We included 1212 consecutive patients with chest pain aged 35 years and older attending 74 general practitioners (GPs). GPs recorded symptoms and findings of each patient and provided follow up information. An independent interdisciplinary reference panel reviewed clinical data of each patient and decided about the aetiology of chest pain. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify clinical predictors that help to rule in or out the diagnosis of GI disease and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

Results

GI disease was diagnosed in 5.8% and GERD in 3.5% of all patients. Most patients localised the pain retrosternal (71.8% for GI disease and 83.3% for GERD). Pain worse with food intake and retrosternal pain radiation were associated positively with both GI disease and GERD; retrosternal pain localisation, vomiting, burning pain, epigastric pain and an average pain episode < 1 hour were associated positively only with GI disease. Negative associations were found for localized muscle tension (GI disease and GERD) and pain getting worse on exercise, breathing, movement and pain location on left side (only GI disease).

Conclusions

This study broadens the knowledge about the diagnostic accuracy of selected signs and symptoms for GI disease and GERD and provides criteria for primary care practitioners in rational diagnosis.